2024新教材人教版六年级Unit 3 Healthy life 同步基础精讲

Unit 3 Healthy life 同步基础精讲

人教版 PEP（2024 审定）小学英语六年级上册 · 同步基础型

一、开篇导学

单元主题：Unit 3 Healthy life（健康生活）——疾病、健康生活方式与建议

核心问题：What is a healthy lifestyle?（什么是健康的生活方式？）

语法重点：Simple present（一般现在时）描述感受/状态 ＋ Simple future（be going to）表计划 ＋ Modals should 表建议

内容标签：#疾病表达  #健康生活  #建议句型  #be going to

同学们，身体是学习的本钱！本单元我们要学会"我感冒了、头疼流鼻涕"怎么说，还要学会用 should给朋友提建议，用be going to说自己的计划。课前预习划重点，课后复习练真题，一篇搞定 Unit 3！

二、核心单词学习·应用·专项练习+答案

▍ （一）单词学习

1. cold /kəʊld/ n. 感冒

● 课本原句：Mike says, "I have a bad cold."

● 背记搭配：have a cold / have a bad cold（得感冒 / 得重感冒）

● 自然拼读：c-old，o 读 /əʊ/，ld 读 /ld/

2. ill /ɪl/ adj. 不舒服；有病

● 课本原句：I feel ill. My head hurts.

● 背记搭配：feel ill（觉得不舒服）、be ill（生病）

● 自然拼读：i-ll，i 读 /ɪ/，ll 读 /l/

3. head /hed/ n. 头；头部

● 课本原句：My head hurts and I have a runny nose.

● 背记搭配：my head hurts（我头疼）

● 自然拼读：h-ear-d，ea 读 /e/，d 读 /d/

4. runny nose /ˈrʌni nəʊz/ n.phr. 流鼻涕

● 课本原句：I have a runny nose.

● 背记搭配：have a runny nose（流鼻涕）

● 自然拼读：run-ny，u 读 /ʌ/；nose 读 /nəʊz/

5. soon /suːn/ adv. 很快；马上

● 课本原句：Take care and get well soon!

● 背记搭配：get well soon（早日康复）、see you soon（马上见）

● 自然拼读：s-oo-n，oo 读 /uː/

6. fever /ˈfiːvə(r)/ n. 发烧；发热

● 课本原句：You have a fever. You should see a doctor.

● 背记搭配：have a fever（发烧）

● 自然拼读：fe-ver，e 读 /iː/，ver 读 /və/

7. cough /kɒf/ v.&n. 咳嗽

● 课本原句：I cough at night and can't sleep well.

● 背记搭配：have a cough（咳嗽）

● 自然拼读：cou-gh，ou 读 /ɒ/，gh 不发音

8. discuss /dɪˈskʌs/ v. 讨论；商量

● 课本原句：Let's discuss how to live a healthy life.

● 背记搭配：discuss with friends（和朋友讨论）

● 自然拼读：dis-cuss，重音在 cus，u 读 /ʌ/

9. diet /ˈdaɪət/ n. 日常饮食

● 课本原句：We should have a healthy diet.

● 背记搭配：healthy diet（健康饮食）

● 自然拼读：di-et，i 读 /aɪ/，et 读 /ət/

10. stay up /steɪ ʌp/ v.phr. 熬夜

● 课本原句：Don't stay up late.

● 背记搭配：stay up late（熬夜到很晚）

● 自然拼读：stay 读 /steɪ/，up 读 /ʌp/

11. cry /kraɪ/ v. 哭；哭泣

● 课本原句：My friend is moving away. I want to cry.

● 背记搭配：cry for help（哭着求助）

● 自然拼读：cr-y，y 读 /aɪ/（元音＋辅音＋不发音 e）

12. another /əˈnʌðə(r)/ adj. 另一；不同的（人或事物）

● 课本原句：We can make another friend.

● 背记搭配：another day（改天）、another friend（另一个朋友）

● 自然拼读：a-no-ther，重音在 no，o 读 /ʌ/

13. call /kɔːl/ v.（给…）打电话

● 课本原句：I can call my friend on video.

● 背记搭配：make video calls（打视频电话）

● 自然拼读：c-all，all 读 /ɔːl/

14. email /ˈiːmeɪl/ n. 电子邮件

● 课本原句：Write an email to your friend.

● 背记搭配：send an email（发邮件）

● 自然拼读：e-mail，e 读 /iː/，mail 读 /meɪl/

15. unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ adj. 不快乐的；难过的

● 课本原句：He feels unhappy because his friend moved away.

● 背记搭配：un- 是反义前缀，unhappy = not happy

● 自然拼读：un-hap-py，重音在 hap，a 读 /æ/

16. glass /ɡlɑːs/ n. 一杯（的量）；玻璃

● 课本原句：Drink a glass of water.

● 背记搭配：a glass of water（一杯水）

● 自然拼读：gl-ass，a 读 /ɑː/，ss 读 /s/

17. may /meɪ/ v. 也许；可能

● 课本原句：You may feel better after a rest.

● 背记搭配：may be（也许是）

● 自然拼读：m-ay，ay 读 /eɪ/

18. add /æd/ v. 补充说；增加

● 课本原句：I want to add：eat more fruit!

● 背记搭配：add some sugar（加点糖）

● 自然拼读：a-dd，a 读 /æ/，dd 读 /d/

19. video /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ n. 视频；录像

● 课本原句：We can make video calls.

● 背记搭配：make video calls（打视频电话）

● 自然拼读：vi-de-o，e 读 /i/，o 读 /əʊ/

20. better /ˈbetə(r)/ adj. 舒畅些的；（病势）好转的

● 课本原句：I hope you feel better soon.

● 背记搭配：get better（好转）、feel better（舒服些）

● 自然拼读：bet-ter，e 读 /e/，ter 读 /tə/

▍ （二）单词应用（造句）

1. cold：I have a bad cold and need to rest.

2. ill：She feels ill and stays in bed.

3. head：My head hurts after reading too long.

4. runny nose：He has a runny nose in winter.

5. soon：Get well soon!

6. fever：The baby has a fever.

7. cough：I cough when I catch a cold.

8. discuss：We discuss our healthy plan in class.

9. diet：A good diet keeps us strong.

10. stay up：Don't stay up late on school days.

11. cry：Don't cry. We can help you.

12. another：Let's make another friend.

13. call：I will call my grandma tonight.

14. email：Send an email to your teacher.

15. unhappy：He is unhappy about the test.

16. glass：Drink a glass of milk every morning.

17. may：It may rain this afternoon.

18. add：I want to add one more idea.

19. video：We make video calls with cousins.

20. better：You will feel better tomorrow.

▍ （三）专项练习

【看图识词】（根据图意和首字母写出单词）

1. 图意：头疼→ h____（head）

2. 图意：得重感冒→ c____（cold）

3. 图意：流鼻涕→ r_ n_（runny nose）

4. 图意：发烧→ f____（fever）

【句意单词拼写】（根据句意和首字母拼写单词）

1. Don't s_ u_ late.（stay up）

2. Drink a g____ of water.（glass）

3. He feels u____ because his friend left.（unhappy）

4. We should have a healthy d____.（diet）

5. You m____ get well soon.（may）

6. Let's d____ how to keep fit.（discuss）

【语境选词填空】（从方框中选词填空：ill / cough / better / call / email）

1. I feel ____ and my head hurts.

2. She has a ____ at night.

3. Take some medicine and you'll feel ____.

4. I will ____ my doctor tomorrow.

5. Please send me an ____ about your health.

▍ （四）练习答案

1. head— 头对应 head。

2. cold— 感冒对应 cold。

3. runny nose— 流鼻涕对应 runny nose。

4. fever— 发烧对应 fever。

5. stay up— 不要熬夜 stay up。

6. glass— 一杯水 a glass of water。

7. unhappy— 难过用 unhappy。

8. diet— 健康饮食 healthy diet。

9. may— 也许用 may。

10. discuss— 讨论用 discuss。

11. ill— 觉得不舒服用 ill。

12. cough— 晚上咳嗽用 cough。

13. better— 好转用 better。

14. call— 给医生打电话用 call。

15. email— 发邮件用 email。

三、重点短语学习·应用·专项练习+答案

▍ （一）短语学习

1. have a bad cold得重感冒

● 课本原句：Mike says, "I have a bad cold."

● 日常例句：My sister has a bad cold today.

2. have a runny nose流鼻涕

● 课本原句：I have a runny nose.

● 日常例句：He has a runny nose in cold weather.

3. see a doctor看医生

● 课本原句：Maybe you should see a doctor.

● 日常例句：When we are ill, we see a doctor.

4. take care保重；小心

● 课本原句：Take care and get well soon!

● 日常例句：Take care on your way home.

5. have a fever发烧

● 课本原句：You have a fever. You should rest.

● 日常例句：The child has a fever at night.

6. have a cough咳嗽

● 课本原句：I have a cough and a sore throat.

● 日常例句：She has a cough in spring.

7. live a healthy life过健康的生活

● 课本原句：How can we live a healthy life?

● 日常例句：We should live a healthy life every day.

8. make video calls打视频电话

● 课本原句：We make video calls with friends.

● 日常例句：Grandma and I make video calls on Sunday.

9. science museum科学博物馆

● 课本原句：I'm going to the science museum tomorrow.

● 日常例句：The science museum is fun and big.

10. go to hospital去医院

● 课本原句：My mum is going to take me to hospital.

● 日常例句：We go to hospital when we are very ill.

11. get well soon早日康复

● 课本原句：Take care and get well soon!

● 日常例句：I hope you get well soon.

12. stay up late熬夜

● 课本原句：Don't stay up late.

● 日常例句：He stays up late to watch TV.

13. do exercise做运动

● 课本原句：We should do exercise every day.

● 日常例句：I do exercise in the morning.

14. eat healthy food吃健康食物

● 课本原句：We need to eat healthy food.

● 日常例句：My mum helps me eat healthy food.

15. drink enough water喝足够的水

● 课本原句：You should drink enough water.

● 日常例句：Please drink enough water at school.

16. join clubs加入俱乐部

● 课本原句：You can join clubs at school.

● 日常例句：She wants to join clubs for music.

17. think about happy things想开心的事

● 课本原句：When sad, think about happy things.

● 日常例句：I think about happy things before sleep.

▍ （二）短语应用（造句）

● I have a bad cold, so I see a doctor.

● Please take care and get well soon.

● Don't stay up late; it is not healthy.

● We should do exercise and eat healthy food.

● Remember to drink enough water every day.

● You can join clubs and make video calls with friends.

● When unhappy, think about happy things.

▍ （三）专项练习

【短语选词填空】（从方框中选短语填空：see a doctor / stay up late / do exercise / eat healthy food / get well soon）

1. You have a fever. You should ____.

2. Don't ____ on school nights.

3. To be strong, we must ____ every day.

4. Mum says we should ____ for good health.

5. I hope your cold gets better and you ____!

【图文匹配】（左图右意，写出对应短语序号）

1. 图：去医院→ （____）go to hospital

2. 图：打视频电话→ （____）make video calls

3. 图：科学博物馆→ （____）science museum

【单句短语改错】（找出并改正错误短语）

1. I have a bad cold. I should sees a doctor.（sees 错）

2. Don't stay up lately.（lately 错）

▍ （四）练习答案

1. see a doctor— 发烧应看医生。

2. stay up late— 上学夜不熬夜。

3. do exercise— 每天运动更强壮。

4. eat healthy food— 健康饮食对身体好。

5. get well soon— 祝你早日康复。

6. go to hospital— 看图识短语。

7. make video calls— 打视频电话。

8. science museum— 科学博物馆。

9. 改：sees a doctor → see a doctor（should 后接动词原形）。

10. 改：stay up lately → stay up late（熬夜是 stay up late）。

四、重点句型学习·应用·专项练习+答案

▍ （一）句型学习

句型 1：How do you feel? — I feel ill. My head hurts and I have a runny nose.

● 使用场景：询问并回答"你感觉怎么样 / 身体哪里不舒服"。

● 结构拆解：How do you feel? → I feel + 形容词 / 身体部位 + hurts / have a + 症状.

● 大白话：你哪儿不舒服？我病了，头疼还流鼻涕。

● 课本原句：How do you feel?— I feel ill. My head hurts and I have a runny nose.

句型 2：I'm sorry to hear that. Maybe you should see a doctor.

● 使用场景：听到别人生病表示同情，并给建议。

● 结构拆解：I'm sorry to hear that.（同情）＋ Maybe you should + 动词原形.（建议）

● 大白话：听到这消息我很难过，也许你该看医生。

● 课本原句：I'm sorry to hear that. Maybe you should see a doctor.

句型 3：My mum is going to take me to hospital this afternoon.（Simple future）

● 使用场景：用 be going to 说"将要去做的事 / 计划"。

● 结构拆解：主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 时间/地点.

● 大白话：我妈妈下午要带我去医院。

● 课本原句：My mum is going to take me to hospital this afternoon.

句型 4：You should drink some water and have a rest.（Modal should）

● 使用场景：用 should 给别人提健康建议。

● 结构拆解：You should + 动词原形.（应该做）；You shouldn't + 动词原形.（不该做）

● 大白话：你应该喝点水、休息一下。

● 课本原句：You should drink some water and have a rest.

句型 5：How can we live a healthy life? — We need to eat healthy food. We should exercise too.

● 使用场景：讨论"怎样过健康生活"，用 need to 与 should 说明做法。

● 结构拆解：How can we + 动词原形？→ We need to + 动词原形. / We should + 动词原形.

● 大白话：我们怎样健康生活？需要吃健康食物，也要运动。

● 课本原句：How can we live a healthy life?— We need to eat healthy food. We should exercise too.

句型 6：Don't stay up late.

● 使用场景：用祈使句否定式给"禁止 / 劝告"建议。

● 结构拆解：Don't + 动词原形.（别做某事）

● 大白话：别熬夜。

● 课本原句：Don't stay up late.

句型 7：Have a healthy diet.

● 使用场景：用祈使句肯定式给"建议 / 祝愿"。

● 结构拆解：动词原形 + 其他.（表建议、叮嘱）

● 大白话：饮食要健康。

● 课本原句：Have a healthy diet.

▍ （二）句型应用（替换例句）

句型 1 替换：

● A: How do you feel? — B: I feel ill. I have a fever and a cough.

● A: How do you feel? — B: My head hurts. I want to see a doctor.

句型 2 替换：

● A: I have a bad cold. — B: I'm sorry to hear that. Maybe you should drink enough water.

● A: I can't sleep. — B: I'm sorry to hear that. Maybe you should not stay up late.

句型 3 替换：

● My dad is going to take me to the science museum this weekend.

● We are going to do exercise after school.

句型 4 替换：

● You should eat healthy food and join clubs.

● You shouldn't stay up late.

句型 5 替换：

● How can we live a healthy life? — We need to drink enough water. We should think about happy things too.

▍ （三）专项练习

【句子补全】（根据中文提示补全句型）

1. 你感觉怎样？我头疼。How do you feel? — I _ _.

2. 你应该去看医生。You _ _ a doctor.

3. 妈妈下午要带我去医院。My mum _ _____ me to hospital this afternoon.

4. 我们怎样健康生活？_ _ we live a healthy life?

【一问一答匹配】（连线左问右答）

1. How do you feel?　　　　　　　A. We need to eat healthy food.

2. What should I do?　　　　　　 B. I feel ill. My head hurts.

3. How can we live a healthy life?　C. You should drink some water.

【基础句型转换】（按要求改写）

1. You should stay up late.（改为否定建议）→ You ____ stay up late.

2. My mum is going to take me to hospital.（改为一般疑问句）→ _ your mum _ to take you to hospital?

▍ （四）练习答案

1. feel ill / my head hurts— 句型 1 回答。

2. should see— 提建议用 should + 原形。

3. is going to take— be going to 表计划。

4. How can— 问方式用 How can。

5. B— How do you feel 答身体状况。

6. C— What should I do 答建议。

7. A— How can we 答做法。

8. shouldn't— 否定建议用 shouldn't。

9. Is; going— be going to 变疑问，is 提前。

五、课文原文精讲·配套练习+答案

▍ （一）A Let's talk（Part A·谈论疾病·教材原文）

Binbin: Hi, Mike. It's Binbin. I'm going to the science museum tomorrow. Are you coming?Mike: I'm afraid not, Binbin. I have a bad cold.Binbin: Oh dear! How do you feel?Mike:I feel ill. My head hurts and I have a runny nose.Binbin: I'm sorry to hear that. Maybe you should see a doctor.Mike: I know. My mum is going to take me to hospital this afternoon.Binbin: That's good. Take care and get well soon!Mike: Thanks.

逐段精讲：Binbin 打电话说要去科学博物馆（science museum），问 Mike 去不去。Mike 说得了重感冒（bad cold）去不了。Binbin 问"你感觉怎样"，Mike 回答"我病了，头疼还流鼻涕"，并说明妈妈下午要带他去医院（go to hospital）。重点掌握句型 1（How do you feel?）、句型 2（同情＋建议 see a doctor）、句型 3（be going to 表计划），以及 Take care and get well soon 的祝福语。

▍ （二）B Let's talk（Part B·健康生活方式·教材原文要点）

讨论如何保持健康——健康饮食（healthy diet）、运动（exercise）、充足睡眠（don't stay up late）、心理健康（think about happy things, join clubs）、与家人朋友共度时光（make video calls）。

逐段精讲：Part B 围绕核心问题 What is a healthy lifestyle? 展开。大家用 should / need to 给出建议：吃健康食物（eat healthy food）、做运动（do exercise）、不熬夜（don't stay up late）、想开心的事（think about happy things）、加入俱乐部（join clubs），还可以和家人打视频电话（make video calls）。重点掌握句型 4（should 建议）、句型 5（need to 表需要）与句型 6/7（祈使句建议）。

▍ （三）Read and write（读写板块·教材要点）

Reading:读一篇关于好朋友搬走的故事（a story about a good friend moving away）。Writing:学习如何给朋友写建议（writing suggestions for your friends）。

逐段精讲：读写板块先读"好朋友搬走"的小故事，主人公因此感到 unhappy（难过）、想cry（哭）。随后进入写作任务：用本单元学到的 should / need to / don't 给朋友写建议信（可以写 email），比如建议对方 think about happy things、make video calls、join clubs、交another friend。重点把建议句型写进书信，注意开头结尾礼貌用语。

▍ （四）Extended reading（拓展阅读·We're helping hands!）

We're helping hands!（我们是乐于助人的手！）拟人化叙事：双手帮助主人——饭前洗手、感冒时擦鼻子捂嘴、做饭、不开心时做手工、击掌传递友谊。

逐段精讲：拓展阅读用拟人的"手"串联健康与好习惯：吃饭前 wash hands（洗手），感冒时wipe the nose and cover the mouth（擦鼻捂嘴），帮着cook（做饭），主人unhappy时一起make handicrafts（做手工），最后high-five（击掌）传递友谊。呼应单元主题 healthy life 与心理健康，读来轻松有趣。

▍ （五）配套练习（判断正误＋细节选择）

【判断正误】（正确写 T，错误写 F）

1. Mike is going to the science museum tomorrow.（　）

2. Mike has a bad cold and a runny nose.（　）

3. Mike's mum is going to take him to hospital this afternoon.（　）

【细节选择】

1. How does Mike feel?A. He feels happy.　B. He feels ill.　C. He feels hungry.

2. What should Mike do, according to Binbin?A. See a doctor.　B. Go to the museum.　C. Stay up late.

3. What can we do to live a healthy life?A. Stay up late.　B. Eat healthy food and do exercise.　C. Cry all day.

▍ （六）练习答案与原文定位

1. F— 要去科学博物馆的是 Binbin，不是 Mike。

2. T— 原文 Mike: I have a bad cold ... have a runny nose.

3. T— 原文 My mum is going to take me to hospital this afternoon.

4. B— 原文 I feel ill.

5. A— 原文 Maybe you should see a doctor.

6. B— 原文 We need to eat healthy food. We should exercise too.

六、单元语法小结·专项练习+答案

▍ （一）语法通俗总结

本单元三大语法板块，对应单元核心问题"什么是健康的生活方式"：

1. Simple present（一般现在时）描述状态/感受：用来说明现在身体怎样、哪里不舒服。　结构：How do you feel? / I feel + 形容词. / 身体部位 + hurts. / I have a + 症状.

2. Simple future · be going to 表计划：说明"将要去做的事"。　结构：主语 + am/is/are going to + 动词原形.

3. Modals should 表建议：给别人提"应该 / 不应该"做的健康建议。　结构：You should + 动词原形. / You shouldn't + 动词原形.

4. need to 表需要：说明"需要做的事"。　结构：We need to + 动词原形.

▍ （二）课本例句

1. Simple present：How do you feel? / I feel ill. / My head hurts.

2. Simple future：My mum is going to take me to hospital.

3. Modals should：You should see a doctor. / We should save energy. / You shouldn't stay up late.

4. need to：We need to eat healthy food.

▍ （三）专项练习

【单句语法填空】（用所给语法结构填空）

1. I _ (feel) ill. My head _ (hurt).（一般现在时）

2. He ____ (go) to see a doctor this afternoon.（be going to）

3. You ____ (should / drink) some water.（should 建议）

4. We ____ (need / eat) healthy food.（need to）

【基础句型改写】（按要求改写）

1. You should stay up late.（改为正确建议）→ You ____ stay up late.

2. My sister is going to join a club.（改为一般疑问句）→ _ your sister _ to join a club?

▍ （四）练习答案

1. feel; hurts— 一般现在时，第三人称单数 hurts。

2. is going to go— be going to 表计划。

3. should drink— should 后接动词原形。

4. need to eat— need to 后接动词原形。

5. shouldn't— 正确建议应为 You shouldn't stay up late.

6. Is; going— be going to 变疑问，is 提前。

七、单元主题文章仿写

▍ （一）基础范文（约 80 词）

My Healthy Life

I want to live a healthy life. Every day I eat healthy food and drink enough water. After school, I do exercise with my dad. I never stay up late, so I sleep well. When I feel unhappy, I think about happy things and make video calls with my friends. We can join clubs together. I hope everyone can have a healthy diet and get well soon when they are ill.

结构拆解：

● 开头点题：I want to live a healthy life.（用单元核心短语）

● 日常做法：eat healthy food / drink enough water / do exercise / don't stay up late（健康生活四要素）

● 心理与健康：feel unhappy → think about happy things / make video calls / join clubs

● 单元句型：I want to ... / We can ... / I hope ...

● 结尾祝愿：have a healthy diet / get well soon

▍ （二）填空式仿写任务

主题提示：写一写你怎样过健康的生活（healthy life），可以写饮食、运动、睡眠和心情。

核心词汇提示：eat healthy food / drink enough water / do exercise / stay up late / think about happy things / join clubs / have a healthy diet / get well soon

仿写模板（请补全横线）：

My Healthy Life

I want to live a _ life. I _ healthy food and _ enough water every day. I _ exercise after school. I don't _ late. When sad, I _ happy things. I hope my friends can _ a healthy diet and _ soon when they are ill!

八、结尾与参考答案汇总

▍ （一）学习鼓励与下单元预告

你已经掌握了 Unit 3 的"疾病表达、be going to 表计划、should / need to 提建议"，以及健康生活的四大要素，课内基础更扎实啦！坚持每天读一遍课文，把建议句型说给家人听，小升初稳稳的。

下单元预告：Unit 4（请关注教材后续单元）——我们将继续拓展阅读与表达，记得提前预习哦！

▍ （二）全文练习答案汇总

【模块二单词】1. head　2. cold　3. runny nose　4. fever　5. stay up　6. glass　7. unhappy　8. diet　9. may　10. discuss　11. ill　12. cough　13. better　14. call　15. email

【模块三短语】1. see a doctor　2. stay up late　3. do exercise　4. eat healthy food　5. get well soon　6. go to hospital　7. make video calls　8. science museum　9. sees a doctor → see a doctor　10. stay up lately → stay up late

【模块四句型】1. feel ill / my head hurts　2. should see　3. is going to take　4. How can　5. B　6. C　7. A　8. shouldn't　9. Is; going

【模块五课文】1. F　2. T　3. T　4. B　5. A　6. B

【模块六语法】1. feel; hurts　2. is going to go　3. should drink　4. need to eat　5. shouldn't　6. Is; going

【模块七仿写参考】空1：healthy　空2：eat　空3：drink　空4：do　空5：stay up　空6：think about　空7：have　空8：get well