高中教材详解-必修一:Unit 1

Ⅰ.认阅读单词

1．ballet n．芭蕾舞

2．greenhouse n．温室；暖房

3．freshman n．(中学)九年级学生；(大学)一年级新生

4．literature n．文学；文学作品

5．extra-curricular adj.课外的；课程以外的

6．plate n．盘子；碟子

7．youth n．青年时期；青春

8．generation n．一代(人)

9．adult n．成年人adj.成年的；成熟的

Ⅱ.记重点单词

1．volunteer n．志愿者

2．debate n．辩论；争论vt.& vi.辩论；争论

3．content n．内容；[pl.]目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题adj.满意的，满足的

4．title n．(书、诗歌等的)名称；标题；职称；头衔

5．topic n．话题；标题

6．extra adj.额外的；附加的

7．obviously adv.显然；明显地

8．quit vi.& vt.(quit，quit)停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等)

9．schedule n．工作计划；日程安排vt.安排；预定

10．adventure n．冒险；奇遇

11．expert n．专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的

12．focus vi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n．中心；重点；焦点

Ⅲ.知拓展单词

1．teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁)；青少年的→teenager n．(13至19岁之间的)青少年

2．prefer vt.较喜欢(preferred；preferred；preferring)→preference n．偏爱；优先；偏爱的事物/人

3．movement n．动作；运动；活动→move vt.& vi.移动；搬家vt.使感动

4．suitable adj.合适的；适用的→suit vt.适合；适宜于n．套装，西装

5．actually adv.事实上；的确→actual adj.实际的；真实的

6．challenge n．挑战；艰巨任务vt.怀疑；向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的

7．confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的→confusion n．混乱；混淆

8．fluent adj.(尤指外语)流利的；熟练的→fluently adv.流利地→fluency n．流利；流畅

9．graduate vi.& vt.毕业；获得学位n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业

10．recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍→recommendation n．建议；推荐

11．advance n．前进；发展vi.前进；发展vt.发展；促进→advanced adj.高级的；高等的；先进的

12．responsible adj.负责的；有责任的→responsibly adv.负责地；有责任地→responsibility n．责任；义务

13．solution n．解决办法；答案→solve vt.解决

14．editor n．主编；编辑；编者→edit vt.编辑；剪辑→edition n．版本；版次

15．survival n．生存；幸存；幸存事物→survive vi.& vt.幸存；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者

16．behaviour n．行为；举止→behave v．举止，表现

17．attract vt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)→attraction n．吸引；吸引人的事物→attractive adj.有吸引力的

18．addict n．对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj.上瘾的；入迷的→addiction n．着迷；上瘾

Ⅳ.背核心短语

1．prefer...to...喜欢……多于……

2．clean up打扫(或清除)干净

3．suitable for对……适合的

4．sign up (for sth.)报名(参加课程)

5．be responsible for对……负责

6．be attracted to喜爱

7．focus on集中；特别关注

8．addicted to对……很入迷

9．on one’s own 独立

10．hand out分发

1．accessible adj.易接近的；随和的

2．accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏

3．accomplish vt.完成；实现

4．account n．账目；描述；理由

5．accumulate v．积累；积聚

6．accurate adj.精确的

7．achievement n．成就

8．adaptation n．适应；改编

1．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it.[recommend that sb.(should) do sth.]

指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语，而且我很擅长它。

2．Studying hard isn’t always fun，but I’ll be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future.(whatever引导的宾语从句)

努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为未来上大学或是任何其他的事情做好充分的准备。

3．It is not unusual for teenagersof your generation to be attracted to computer games and the online world.(It＋be＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do)

对于你们这一代青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不稀奇。

4．But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.(make＋it＋adj.＋to do)

但是花太多的时间上网有损健康，也会让你很难集中精力在生活中的其他事情上。

5．So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring，difficult homework or go to class，think about the children who don’t have the chance to get a good education.(the next time引导的时间状语从句)

所以下一次你感到你不想做枯燥、有难度的作业或去上课时，想想那些没机会接受良好教育的孩子。

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

An Old Freshman

My grandfather enters the college as a freshman with other teenagers.Obviously，his schoolmates are really confused about why the old man prefers challenging himself to going to a college which is not suitable for him.Actually，he becomes the topic of a heated debate.My grandfather quit school and took theresponsibility of supporting his family during 1.youth.Now he has a tight schedule.Not only does he sign up for 2.advancedliteraturebecause he is attracted to novels but he also participates in some extra-curricularactivities.He 3.volunteers to clean up greenhouses and even has learned to speak some simple English very fluently.His classmates give him a titleof expert because every time they have trouble，he will come up with some practical 4.solutions.He recommendsthat the young generation should 5.focuson their studies instead of being addicted to cellphones.Adults should be 6.responsible for their own behaviour.All in all，my grandfather is content with his college life except that he can’t learn new movements quite well in the ballet club.Before he graduates，he will try his best to strengthen his overall abilities.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇

prefervt.较喜欢(preferred；preferred)(preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物)

(1)Among all the subjects，I actually have a preference(prefer) for English.

(2)I would rather appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers than read those about politics and economy.(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)

→I would appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers rather than read those about politics and economy.(用would do...rather than do改写)

→I prefer to appreciate the columns specially designed for teenagers rather than read those about politics and economy.(用prefer to do...rather than do改写)

recommendvt.建议；推荐；介绍

(1)Would you please recommend some traditional Chinese cultures that attract foreigners tome？

(2021·全国甲，书面表达)

(2)My adviser recommended signing up foradvancedliterature.

→My adviser recommended that I (should) sign up for advanced literature.

→My adviser recommended me to sign up for advanced literature.

(3)我写信推荐汤姆，一名说英语流利的毕业生，作为你的助手。(应用文写作之推荐信)

I am writingto recommend Tom，a graduate who is fluent in English，as your assistant.

(4)我强烈推荐的旅游胜地是位于山东省中部的泰山。(应用文写作之推荐信)

The tourist attraction I strongly recommend is Mount Tai located in the middle of Shandong Province.

advancen．前进；发展vt.发展；促进vi.前进；发展(advanced adj.高等的；先进的；高级的)

(1)任何想要参加高级文学课程的人必须提前报名。

Anyone who wants to take the advanced literature course must sign up for it in advance/ahead of time.

(2)约翰和伯纳德面带灿烂笑容地向附近的市场前进，去卖他们的爆米花。

(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)

John and Bernard advanced on/towards the nearby market to sell their popcorn，with a bright smile on their faces.

responsibleadj.负责的；有责任的(responsibility n．责任；义务)

(1)Through the coming-of-age ceremony，we realize that the sense of responsibility(responsible) always accompanies the process of our growth.(2020·天津，书面表达)

(2)我们应该对我们的行为负责，尽全力去保护环境。(应用文写作之倡议书)

We are supposed to be responsible for/take responsibility for our own behaviour and spare no effort to protect the environment.

(3)向外国人传播中国传统文化是我们的责任。(话题写作之传统文化)

It’s our responsibility to spreadtraditional Chinese cultures to foreigners.

schedulen．工作计划；日程安排vt.安排；预定

(1)We should work extrahours on the project to complete it on schedule or even ahead of schedule.

(2)学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在图书馆二楼举行。

(2021·6月浙江，应用文写作)

An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings is scheduled to be held on the second floor of our library from May 15 to May 24.

(3)正如所安排的，您在我们学校期间，我们将首先领您参观我们学校。(应用文写作之活动安排)

As scheduled，during your stay at our school，we will first give you a tour of our school.

attractvt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)(attraction n．吸引；吸引人的事物attractiveadj.有吸引力的)

(1) Obviously the editor has read many attractive(attract) novels and short stories.

(2)All the experts were attractedtothe completely new solutionto the confusingproblem.

(3)这部冒险小说太吸引这个男孩的注意力，以至于他不能专心学习。

The adventure story attracted the boy’ s attention so much that he couldn’t focus on study.

(4)西湖，一处位于杭州的旅游胜地，每年吸引成千上万的游客。(应用文写作之推荐信)

The West Lake，a tourist attraction lying in Hangzhou，attracts thousands of tourists every year.

focusvi.& vt.集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距n．中心；重点；焦点

(1)深呼吸，放松自己，而不是专注于带给你压力的事情，你就会很快入睡。(应用文写作之建议信)

Take a deep breath and relax yourself instead of focusing (your attention) on/upon what brings you stress，and you will fall asleep soon.

(2)头发打结，南瓜肉盖着鼻子，我成了在网上收看视频的那些人关注的焦点。

(2021·1月浙江，读后续写)

Hair in knots and nose covered by pumpkin pulp，I became the focus of attention of those who viewed the video posted online.

addicted to对……很入迷(addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的 addict n．对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人 addiction n．上瘾；热衷)

(1) Actually，addiction(addict) to drugs and alcohol can ruin a good life as well as health.

(2)Because they are addicted to online games，manyteenagers don’t focus on their learning.(2021·全国乙，书面表达)

→Addicted to online games，many teenagers don’t focus on their learning.(用形容词短语作状语改写)

But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus on ,other things in life.但是在网上花太多时间是不健康的，而且让人们很难集中精力在生活中的其他事情上。

(1)你最好提前掌握一些基础的汉语，这使你容易适应在北京的新生活。(应用文写作之建议信)

①You’d better master some basic Chinese in advance，which makes it easy for you to adjust to the new life in Beijing.

②You’d better master some basic Chinese in advance，making it easy for you to adjust to the new life in Beijing.(现在分词作结果状语)

(2)我认为读一些经典小说来扩大我们的知识面对我们学生来说是有用的。

①I think it useful for us students to read some classic novels to widen our knowledge.(think it＋adj.＋to do)

②I think it useful that we students should read some classic novels to widen our knowledge.(think it＋adj.＋that...)

(3)我发现和他争论没用，因为他是如此顽固。

I find it no use arguing with him，because he is so stubborn.

So the next time you feel like you do not want to do boring，difficult homework or go to class，think about the children who don’t have the chance to get a good education.所以下一次你感到你不想做枯燥、有难度的作业或去上课时，想想那些没机会接受良好教育的孩子。

(1)下次你来我们的城市时，你一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。

The next time you visit our city，you must call me ahead of scheduleso that I can make some necessary arrangements.

(2)每一次我遇到困难，你都会及时出现并给予我帮助。(应用文写作之感谢信)

Every time I got into trouble，you would turn up in time and give me a hand.

(3)他一在街上看到那个受伤的女孩，就毫不犹豫地下车，像箭一样冲过去帮助她。

The moment/minute/instant/second he saw the injured girl on the street，he got off his car without hesitation and rushed like an arrow to assist her.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇

Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍

1．content

(1)I always concentrate on reading the colorful contentsof the English newspaper Youth.

(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ)

C

(2)By looking at the contents page，you can know about the style of the book.A

(3)Senior high school students should avoid eating food with high fat content.D

(4)I was content with the lecture he delivered just now.B

2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思

(1)Being a graduate in English，I make English lectures with ease.毕业生

(2)The outgoing volunteer is expert in driving cars.熟练的；内行的

Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识

1．The committee of the college had a debate about/on/over whether to allow senior high school students to explore the campus.

2．I recommend you to concentrate/(should) concentrate(concentrate) on what the expert says at the lecture.

3．The two male club members are exchanging ideas about how to quit drinking(drink)．

4．Looking at her annoyed expression，we were confused(confuse) why she was so angry.

5．No one can deny the fact that everyone is responsible for making our nation stronger.

6．If you want to improve yourself，you’d better set a goalinadvance.

7．The exchange student volunteered to design(design) the pattern of the flag for our organisation.

8．The guy who is addicted to computer games always looks forward to going to the net bar.

9．Thousands of curious tourists were attracted(attract) to the Shanghai Disney Resort the day it opened.

10．The experiment was scheduled to be conducted(conduct) tomorrow afternoon.

Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练

建议信——如何适应新的学校生活

1．一听说你难以适应新的校园生活的时候，我很为你感到担心。(the moment；have trouble doing...)

The moment I heard that you have trouble adapting to life in the new campus，I am concerned about you.

2．像你一样的新生总是对很多事情感到困惑，这是很常见的。(It is not unusual for sb.to do...)

It is not unusual for a freshman like you to be confused about many things.

3．我建议你不要独自度过太多的时间。(recommend sb.to do)

I recommend you not to spend too much time alone.

4．我认为你报名参加一个俱乐部，并且多参与课外活动是有用的。(think it＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do)

I think it useful for you to sign up for a club and take part in more extra-curricular activities.

5．此外，专注于你的学习，主动去帮助别人，你一定会度过这段困难的时光。(focus on)

Besides，focus on your study and give others a hand actively and you are sure to survive the hard time.

Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练

教材续写语料

1．情感描写

content adj.满意的；满足的

confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑→confusing adj.难以理解的；不清楚的→confused adj.糊涂的；迷惑的

responsible adj.负责的；有责任的

addicted adj.有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的

2．动作描写

debate vt.& vi.辩论；争论

challenge vt.向……挑战n．挑战；艰巨任务

recommend vt.建议；推荐；介绍

advance vt.& vi.前进；发展

quit vt.& vi.停止；戒掉；离开

schedule vt.安排；预定

续写语料运用

请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。

(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)

温馨提示：注意运用动作链描写。

在早晨，按照所安排的，双胞胎早早起床，踮着脚走进厨房，从袋子里舀出面粉。他们一开始做面包，就感到迷惑。就在那时，他们的爸爸溜进厨房，轻拍双胞胎的肩膀，柔声安慰道：“不要放弃。你们可以战胜这个挑战。”双胞胎顺利地做完了面包。接着，他们端着早餐，向楼上走去，喊醒他们的妈妈。双眼闪烁着激动的光芒，妈妈是如此满足，她把孩子们揽入怀中。

In the morning，as scheduled，the twins got up early，tiptoed to the kitchen and scooped some flour out of the bag.Once they set about making bread，they felt confused.At that time，their father slid into the kitchen，patted the twins’ shoulders and comforted them in a soft voice，“Don’ t quit.You can overcome the challenge.” The twins made the bread smoothly.Then they carried the breakfast，advanced upstairs and woke up their mother.With her eyes glittering with excitement，the mother was so content that she gathered her children into her arms.