高中教材详解-必修一:Unit 2

Ⅰ.认阅读单词

1．castle n．城堡；堡垒

2．visa n．签证

3．flat adj.平坦的；扁平的n．公寓；单元房

4．empire n．帝国

5．emperor n．皇帝

6．brochure n．资料(或广告)手册

7．package n．包裹；包装盒vt.将……包装好

8．civilisation n．文明；文明世界

9．statue n．雕塑；雕像

10．BCE(＝before the Common Era)公元前

11．tomb n．坟墓

12．unearth vt.挖掘；发掘

13．Disneyland迪士尼乐园

14．Spain西班牙(国家名)

15．Spanish n．西班牙语；西班牙人adj.西班牙的

Ⅱ.记重点单词

1．rent vt.租用；出租vi.租用；租金为n．租金

2．pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李)vt.包装n．(商品的)纸包；纸袋；大包

3．source n．来源；出处

4．site n．地点；位置；现场

5．type n．类型；种类vi.& vt.打字

6．flight n．空中航行；航班；航程

7．accommodation n．住处；停留处；膳宿

8．unique adj.唯一的；独特的；特有的

9．path n．小路；路线；道路

10．destination n．目的地；终点

11．contact vt.联络；联系n．联系；接触

12．soldier n．士兵；军人

13．transport n．交通运输系统vt.运输；运送

14．hike vi.徒步旅行vt.去……远足n．远足；徒步旅行

15．credit n．借款；信用；称赞；学分

16．request n．(正式或礼貌的)要求；请求vt.(正式或礼貌地)要求；请求

17．view n．视野；景色；看法

18．sight n．景象；视野；视力

19．comment n．议论；评论vi.& vt.发表意见；评论

Ⅲ.知拓展单词

1．apply vi.& vt.申请；请求vt.应用；涂→application n．申请(书)；应用→applicant n．申请人

2．amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的→amaze vt.使惊奇→amazement n．惊奇；惊喜

3．arrangement n．安排；筹备→arrange vt.& vi.安排；筹备

4．extremely adv.极其；非常→extreme adj.极其的；极度的n．极端；极度

5．narrow adj.狭窄的vi.& vt.(使)变窄→narrowly adv.勉强地；差点儿(没)

6．powerful adj.强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的→power n．能力；力量；权力→powerless adj.无力的；无能的

7．official adj.官方的；正式的；公务的n．官员→office n．办公室→officer n．军官；官员，高级职员

8．recognis(z)e vt.辨别出；承认；认可→recognition n．承认；认可；辨认

9．accommodation n．住处；膳宿；停留处→accommodate vt.提供住处；容纳

10．admire vt.钦佩；赞赏→admiration n．崇拜；赞赏→admirable adj.令人赞赏的

11．architecture n．建筑设计；建筑学→architect n．建筑设计师

12．economy n．经济；节约→economic adj.经济(上)的；经济学的→economical adj.经济的；实惠的

13．detail n．细节；详情；细微之处→detailed adj.详细的；精细的

Ⅳ.背核心短语

1．apply for申请

2．take control of控制；接管

3．other than除……以外

4．make up构成；形成

5．credit card信用卡

6．check in(在旅馆、机场等)登记

7．check out结账离开(旅馆等)

8．get ready for为……做准备

9．be made of由……制作成

10．can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待做某事

1．admission n．准入；入场费

2．adolescent adj.青春期的

3．adore vt.崇拜；爱慕

4．advantage n．优点；好处

5．aggressive adj.侵略性的；有进取心的

6．advertisement n．广告

7．advocate vt.鼓吹；提倡

8．afford vt.负担得起(……的费用)；提供

1．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.(强调句型)

正是由于这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁的一门主要的官方语言。

2．Especially amazing isthe Incas’dry stone method of building.(表语前置引起的倒装)

特别令人惊叹的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。

3．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.(so that引导的结果状语从句)

印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。

4．Each statue has a different face，leading researchers to believethat each one is a copy of a real soldier.(现在分词短语作结果状语)

每尊雕像都有一张不同的脸，这使得研究人员相信每尊雕像都是一个真实士兵的复制品。

5．However，no one in modern times knew about the tomb or the terracotta statues until 1974，when some farmers discovered the tombwhile they were digging a well！(when引导的定语从句)

然而，直到1974年，一些农民在挖井时发现了这座陵墓，现代人才知道了这座陵墓和兵马俑！

请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。

A travel agency gave me a brochure which included some package tours to Peru.Because I hadn’t 1.applied for a visa，I refused.To my amazement，the travel agent said they could arrange it for me.2.Extremely happy，I said，“I am going home to pack up my luggage and I will catch my 3.flight at 8 a．m.tomorrow.” My first destination was the Amazon river，and there I saw different types of animals 4.unique to the Amazonrainforest.Then I saw the statueof an emperor who ruled the powerful Inca Empire before the Spanish took control of it.Later I 5.admiredthe architecture and the Inca civilisation.I also went hiking through a path in the AndesMountains.My 6.accommodation was in a flat with a good view，from where I could catch sight of many amazing tourist sites.When I checked out，I couldn’t find my credit card.It was requested that I should 7.contact a Chinese official.I told him all details and he 8.arranged for a soldier to transport my luggage to a castle.Suddenly I woke up.Though it was a dream，I recognised it as the most economical travel.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇

applyvi.申请；请求vt.涂；敷；应用；运用[applicationn．申请(书)；应用 applicant n．申请人]

(1)He was one of the 30 applicants(apply) for the manager’s position，so he had no confidence in himself.

(2)In my view，the official rule applies to all the emergencies that occur.

(3)He applied some cream to the wound and then applied pressure to the bandage.

(4)我写信向你申请你们在昨天的报纸上提供的职位。(应用文写作之申请信)

I’m writing to apply to you for the positionyou offered in yesterday’s newspaper.

(5)如果你从现在起专心复习功课，我相信你能考上重点大学。

If you apply yourself to revising your lessons from now on，I am confident that you can be admitted to a key university.

amazingadj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的(amaze vt.使惊讶 amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的；惊讶的 amazement n．惊讶)

(1)I am amazed to find(find) that my son often contacts an editor in private.

(2)It is amazing(amaze)that the huge statueis carved from a single block of stone.

(3)既惊讶又尴尬，她感觉所有的空气都要消失了，全世界的人似乎都在看着她。(读后续写之心理描写)

Amazed and embarrassed，she feels as if all the air were to disappear and people around the world were watching her.

(4)令我吃惊的是，正是这个视频使我成了网红，这使我非常高兴。

(2021·1月浙江，读后续写)

To my amazement，it was the video that made me become a web celebrity，which made me float on air.

arrangementn．安排；筹备(常用复数形式)(arrange v．筹备；安排；整理)

(1)The director has specially arranged for a person to rent(rent) the castle to make a film.

(2)We have arranged to watch(watch) an English film from 16∶00 to 17∶00 at our school theatre tomorrow.(话题写作之学校生活)

(3)我们学校将筹备向外国友人介绍中国传统文化的主题班会。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)

Our school is to make arrangements for a theme class meeting to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.

recognisevt.辨认出；承认；认可(recognitionn．认出；承认)

(1)In the past few decades，our city has changed so much that it is now beyond recognition(recognise)．

(2)最近在线学习被公认为是一种重要的学习方式。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)

①Online learning has been recognised as/to be an important way to study recently.

②It has been recognised that online learning is an important way to study recently.(用it作形式主语；recognise改写)

contactvt.联络；联系n．联系；接触

(1)Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact with someone who shares your interests.(2020·江苏)

(2)我十年前和这位士兵取得联系，因此我们已经彼此联系十年了。在我看来，我们再也不会失去联系了。

I got into/made contact with the soldier ten years ago，so we have stayed/kept in contact with each other for ten years.In my view，we will never lose contact witheach other again.

(3)如果你想了解这个活动的更多细节，请通过123456543@163.com联系李华。

If you want to know more detailsabout the activity，please contact Li Hua at 123456543@163.com.

requestn．& vt.要求；请求

(1)Our travel agency offers a couple of packagetoursat the request of tourists.

(2)Our teacher requested that we (should) exchange(exchange) our ideas on learning regularly.

→Our teacher requested us to exchange(exchange) our ideas on learning regularly.

(3)要求任何想参加该课程的人在网上注册个人信息。(应用文写作之通知)

It is requested that anyone who wants to attend the course (should) register personal information online.

用法点拨　动词request后的宾语从句及名词request之后的表语从句或同位语从句的谓语动词要用“should do”，should可以省略。

viewn．风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；看待

(1)Arriving at our destinationon the mountain top through a small path，I finally had a good view of the castle.

(2)Inview of the terrible weather，the events will be held indoors instead of outdoors.

(3)Liang Sicheng was viewed as one of the best architects of his generation.

(4)尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。(读后续写之升华句)

Although the present isn’t worth much，I value it very much.From my point of view/In my view，it’s the love contained in it that really counts.(强调句型)

 It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.正是由于这个原因西班牙语是秘鲁的一门主要的官方语言。

(1)It was my headteacher I respect most who/that helped me out whenever I was in trouble.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)

(2)正是在你的慷慨帮助下，我坚信我会很快适应大学生活的。

It is with your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.

(3)杰克陷入绝望是因为他知道了这次考试的结果吗？

Was it because Jack learnt the result of the examination that he sank into hopelessness?

(4)是什么使他激动得两眼发光？

What was it thatmade his eyes twinkle with excitement?

(5)I didn’t realize a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness until I experienced the event.(读后续写之助人与善举升华句)

→Not until I experienced the event did I realize a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness.(用倒装句改写)

→It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness.(用强调句改写)

用法点拨　(1)记住句式结构，不管强调人或物都可用that；强调人时可用who。

(2)强调句与定语从句的区别：①强调句的特点：去掉it is/was和that/who后句子结构完整，意义清楚。②时间、地点状语前是否有介词是判断这两种句式的关键。

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇

Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍

1．narrow

(1)The expert recommended a perfect way to narrowthe gap between imports and exports.C

(2)There was only a narrow gap between the bed and the wall.A

(3)Obviously，it was a narrow victory，by only five votes.B

2．make up

(1)Women officers make up 13 percent of the police force.B

(2)Actually I think it’s very unkind of you to make upstories about him.D

(3)She chose Maggie to make her up for her engagement photographs.A

(4)You must focus on studying from now on and try to make up the time lost in the past.C

3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思

(1)The editor needed a flat surface to write on.平坦的；平的

(2)Overseas visitors are attracted to the beautiful sightsof Beijing.名胜；景点

Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识

1．The moment he entered the school，the freshman applied to be(be) a volunteer for the movement.

2．It’s amazing(amaze) that the editoprefersballet to literature.

3. Obviously，some adults are not content with the arrangements(arrange) of their accommodation.

4. Actually，the solution was recognised as the best one to solve the challenging problem.

5．The expert requests teenagersto focus/(should) focus(focus) on what they are doing and beresponsible for their behaviour.

6．From my window I can have a good view of the greenhouse.

7．Unfortunately，they lost contact with each other after they graduatedfrom college.

8．As a matter of fact，it was the title rather than the contentthatmade us confused.

9．After hearing his adventure stories，I admired him for his survival skills.

10．My trip is made(make) up of challenges，but this is what attracts me most.

Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练

话题写作之中国传统节日——春节

1．我很高兴听说你对中国节日感兴趣以至于你想在一户中国人家过春节。(so that引导的结果状语从句)

I am extremely happy to hear that you are interested in Chinese festivals so that you want to spend the Spring Festival in a Chinese family.

2．正如你所知道的，春节被全世界的华人庆祝，使之成为最受欢迎的节日之一。(现在分词短语作结果状语)

As you know，the Spring Festival is celebrated by Chinese people all over the world，making it one of the most popular festivals.

3．除夕是一个家人和朋友团聚的时刻。(when引导的定语从句)

The New Year’s Eve is a time when family members and friends reunite.

4．事实上，是团聚让春节更有意义。(强调句)

Actually，it is the reunion that makes the Spring Festival more meaningful.

5．特别有趣的是包水饺，我认为这对你特别有吸引力。(表语前置引起的倒装)

Especially interesting is making dumplings，which I think is particularly attractive to you.

Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练

教材续写语料

1．情感描写

amazing adj.令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊奇的；惊喜的

admire vt.钦佩；赞赏

extremely adv.极其，非常

2．动作描写

pack vi.& vt.收拾(行李)；包装

hike vi.徒步旅行vt.去……远足n．远足；徒步旅行

request n．&vt.要求；请求

admire vt.钦佩；欣赏

3．环境描写

castle n．城堡；堡垒

site n．地点；位置；现场

path n．小路；路线；道路

view n．视野；景色；看法

sight n．景象；视野；视力

续写语料运用

请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。

冒险前的晚上，嘴角洋溢着兴奋的微笑，Colin收拾必需品。第二天早晨，他在人迹罕至的小路上骑行，徒步穿过大山，在夜晚独自宿营。他欣赏周围非常令人惊喜的风景。离宿营地点不远处，有一条小溪，在绿色的河岸间奔腾闪耀。在夜晚，躺在地上，他欣赏非常神秘的夜空。月亮在云层后面的天空中看着，星星高兴地眨着眼睛，好像在诉说着什么。

The night before his adventure，Colin packed the necessities，his mouth rippling an excited smile.The next morning，he biked an unpopulated path，hiked through a mountain and camped overnight alone.He appreciated extremely amazing surrounding sights.There was a brook not far from the camp site，rushing and sparkling between green banks.At night，lying on the ground，he admired the extremely mysterious sky.The moon watched from the sky behind the clouds as the stars blinked their eyes in happiness as if they were saying something.