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【备课】《望海潮》:高中语文教材为什么会选入柳永的这首词?

  • 2026-04-01 07:09:20
【备课】《望海潮》:高中语文教材为什么会选入柳永的这首词?

【备课】《望海潮》：高中语文教材为什么会选入柳永的这首词？

高中语文教材选入柳永的《望海潮》，是经过深思熟虑的，主要基于它在文学史上的经典地位、独特的艺术价值以及丰富的教学与文化意义。

一、经典性：宋词发展的里程碑之作

"慢词之祖"的开创之功：柳永▏是北宋首位专注写词的作家，他大力创作慢词，突破了当时小令一统天下的格局，极大地拓展了词的表现容量。教材选取其代表作，有助于学生了解宋词发展的这一关键节点。
婉约风格的典范：作为"婉约之宗"，柳永的词风对后世影响深远。学习《望海潮》，是学生体悟婉约词风的绝佳途径。

二、艺术性：精妙笔法的集中体现

"铺叙"与"点染"的绝佳范本：这首词将"铺叙"（全面细致地描写）和"点染"（先点明主旨，再用景物渲染）两种手法运用得炉火纯青，是训练学生鉴赏和运用写作技巧的典型教材。
极具层次感的描写：从地理位置到市井风貌，从自然景观到百姓生活，词作由远及近、由面到点，画面层次分明，富有镜头感，是学习古典诗词写景手法的优秀范例。

三、价值性：多维度的教学载体

培养核心素养的抓手：教材编写注重以文化人，提升学生语文学科核心素养。这首词高度契合这一目标：
审美鉴赏：学生可以在反复吟咏中感受词的声律之美、意境之妙。
思维发展：可以通过探究词中描绘的北宋都市风貌，结合历史进行思辨。
文化传承：词中蕴含的对美好生活的赞颂，是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分。
"双线组元"的巧妙结合：新教材以"人文主题"和"学习任务群"双线组织单元。这首词既能与"城市印象""历史兴衰"等主题相结合，也可与姜夔的《扬州慢》进行联读，引导学生对比不同时代的城市风貌，探究文学与时代的关系。

四、文化性：一幅生动的历史长卷

北宋盛世的真实写照：词中"烟柳画桥""三秋桂子，十里荷花"等描绘，生动再现了北宋杭州的繁华富庶，是学生了解当时社会经济文化的珍贵窗口。
深远的文化影响：相传金主完颜亮因读到此词中的美景而起南侵之心，这一典故更赋予了作品传奇色彩，展现了优秀文学作品强大的感染力与影响力。
值得一提的是，尽管这首词的创作初衷有"干谒"（向地方官员自荐）的成分，但它超越了具体的情境，以其卓越的艺术成就成为描写杭州的千古绝唱。这也体现了教材选文"文质兼美"的原则，引导学生从文学本身汲取养分。
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  1. CONNECT:[ UseTime:0.000420s ] mysql:host=127.0.0.1;port=3306;dbname=c_sjds;charset=utf8mb4
  2. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `fenlei` [ RunTime:0.000781s ]
  3. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 0 [ RunTime:0.000347s ]
  4. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `fid` = 63 [ RunTime:0.001222s ]
  5. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000669s ]
  6. SELECT * FROM `set` [ RunTime:0.000227s ]
  7. SHOW FULL COLUMNS FROM `article` [ RunTime:0.000542s ]
  8. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` = 466348 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000430s ]
  9. UPDATE `article` SET `lasttime` = 1775303664 WHERE `id` = 466348 [ RunTime:0.002120s ]
  10. SELECT * FROM `fenlei` WHERE `id` = 66 LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000246s ]
  11. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466348 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.000399s ]
  12. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` > 466348 ORDER BY `id` ASC LIMIT 1 [ RunTime:0.001584s ]
  13. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466348 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10 [ RunTime:0.001742s ]
  14. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466348 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 10,10 [ RunTime:0.001300s ]
  15. SELECT * FROM `article` WHERE `id` < 466348 ORDER BY `id` DESC LIMIT 20,10 [ RunTime:0.008762s ]
0.089260s